How Long Does It Take To Recover From Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism (Overactive Thyroid)

On this page:

• What is hyperthyroidism?
• How mutual is hyperthyroidism?
• Who is more than likely to develop hyperthyroidism?
• Is hyperthyroidism during pregnancy a trouble?
• What are the complications of hyperthyroidism?
• What are the symptoms of hyperthyroidism?
• What causes hyperthyroidism?
• How do doctors diagnose hyperthyroidism?
• How do doctors treat hyperthyroidism?
• How does eating, diet, and nutrition touch on hyperthyroidism?
• Clinical Trials for Hyperthyroidism

What is hyperthyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism, as well called overactive thyroid, is when the thyroid gland makes more thyroid hormones than your body needs. The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your cervix. Thyroid hormones control the way the body uses free energy, and then they affect most every organ in your body, fifty-fifty the way your heart beats. With also much thyroid hormone, many of your body's functions speed up.

The thyroid is a modest gland in your cervix that makes thyroid hormones.

How common is hyperthyroidism?

Almost ane out of 100 Americans ages 12 years and older accept hyperthyroidism.ⁱ

Who is more likely to develop hyperthyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism is more common in women and people older than 60.² Yous are more likely to have hyperthyroidism if you

• have a family history of thyroid illness
• have other health problems, including
  • pernicious anemia, a condition acquired past a vitamin B12 deficiency
  • type 1 or type 2 diabetes
  • primary adrenal insufficiency, a disorder of hormones
• eat large amounts of nutrient containing iodine, such as kelp
• utilise medicines that contain iodine
• use nicotine productsⁱⁱⁱ
• were pregnant within the by 6 months

Is hyperthyroidism during pregnancy a problem?

Balmy hyperthyroidism during pregnancy is commonly not a problem. Merely astringent hyperthyroidism during pregnancy, when untreated, can impact both the mother and the baby. If you lot take hyperthyroidism and programme to get pregnant or become pregnant, work with your doctor to get the illness under control.

Be sure your hyperthyroidism is under control before becoming pregnant.

What are the complications of hyperthyroidism?

Untreated, hyperthyroidism tin crusade serious wellness issues, including

• an irregular heartbeat that can lead to blood clots, stroke, eye failure, and other heart-related bug
• an eye disease called Graves' ophthalmopathy
• thinning bones, osteoporosis, and muscle problems
• menstrual wheel and fertility issues

What are the symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

Symptoms of hyperthyroidism can vary from person to person and may include^iv

• weight loss despite an increased ambition
• rapid or irregular heartbeat
• nervousness, irritability, trouble sleeping, fatigue
• shaky hands, muscle weakness
• sweating or trouble tolerating oestrus
• frequent bowel movements
• an enlargement in the neck, called a goiter

In older adults, hyperthyroidism is sometimes mistaken for low or dementia. Older adults may accept different symptoms, such as loss of appetite or withdrawal from people, than younger adults with hyperthyroidism. You may want to ask your doctor about hyperthyroidism if yous or your loved 1 shows these symptoms.

What causes hyperthyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism has several causes, including

• Graves' disease
• overactive thyroid nodules
• inflammation of the thyroid gland, called thyroiditis
• besides much iodine
• too much thyroid hormone medicine
• a noncancerous tumor of the pituitary gland

Graves' disease

Graves' disease, the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, is an autoimmune disorder. With this disease, your immune organization attacks the thyroid and causes it to make too much thyroid hormone.

Overactive thyroid nodules

Overactive thyroid nodules, or lumps in your thyroid, are mutual and usually not malignant. Yet, 1 or more nodules may become overactive and produce too much thyroid hormone. Overactive nodules are constitute most frequently in older adults.

Thyroiditis

Thyroiditis is inflammation of your thyroid gland. Some types of thyroiditis can cause thyroid hormone to leak out of your thyroid gland into your bloodstream. Every bit a event, you may develop symptoms of hyperthyroidism.

The types of thyroiditis that can cause hyperthyroidism include

• subacute thyroiditis, which involves a painfully inflamed and enlarged thyroid.
• postpartum thyroiditis, which can develop after a woman gives birth.
• painless thyroiditis, which is similar to postpartum thyroiditis, but occurs in the absence of pregnancy. Your thyroid may be enlarged. Experts recall painless thyroiditis is probably an autoimmune condition.

Thyroiditis tin can also crusade symptoms of hypothyroidism, or underactive thyroid. In some cases, later on your thyroid is overactive for a flow of time, information technology may become underactive.

Also much iodine

Your thyroid uses iodine to make thyroid hormone. How much iodine yous consume affects how much thyroid hormone your thyroid makes. In some people, consuming big amounts of iodine may cause the thyroid to make too much thyroid hormone.

Some cough syrups and medicines, including some heart medicines, may contain a lot of iodine. Seaweed and seaweed-based supplements also contain a lot of iodine.

Too much thyroid hormone medicine

Some people who take thyroid hormone medicine for hypothyroidism may take too much. If you have thyroid hormone medicine, run into your md at least once a yr to accept your thyroid hormone levels checked. You may need to suit your dose if your doctor finds your thyroid hormone level is also high.

Some other medicines may too collaborate with thyroid hormone medicine and raise hormone levels. If yous have thyroid hormone medicine, ask your medico about interactions when starting new medicines.

Noncancerous tumor

In some rare cases, a noncancerous tumor of the pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain, tin cause hyperthyroidism.

How do doctors diagnose hyperthyroidism?

Your doctor will have a medical history and perform a physical exam. A hyperthyroidism diagnosis tin't be based on symptoms alone because many of its symptoms are the same as those of other diseases. That'south why your dr. may apply several thyroid blood tests and imaging tests to ostend the diagnosis and find its cause.

Considering hyperthyroidism tin cause fertility problems, women who have trouble getting pregnant often get tested for thyroid problems.

A blood test might confirm a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.

How practice doctors treat hyperthyroidism?

Your doctor will treat your hyperthyroidism to bring your thyroid hormone levels back to normal. Treating the disease will prevent long-term health problems, and information technology will save uncomfortable symptoms. No single treatment works for anybody.

Your handling depends on what's causing your hyperthyroidism and how severe it is. When recommending a treatment, your md will consider

• your age
• possible allergies to or side effects of the medicines
• other conditions, such every bit pregnancy or heart disease
• whether y'all have access to an experienced thyroid surgeon

Treatment options

Hyperthyroidism is usually treated with medicines, radioiodine therapy, or thyroid surgery.

Medicines

Beta-blockers. Beta-blockers are drugs that block the action of substances, such as adrenaline, on nervus cells. They cause blood vessels to relax and widen.

• Pros
  • They can reduce symptoms—such equally tremors, rapid heartbeat, and nervousness—until other treatments start working.
  • They tin can make you feel better within hours.
• Cons
  • They don't stop thyroid hormone product.

Antithyroid medicines. Antithyroid therapy is the simplest style to treat hyperthyroidism. Methimazole is used most often. Propylthiouracil is often used for women during the kickoff 3 months of pregnancy considering methimazole can, on rare occasions, damage the fetus.

• Pros
  • They cause the thyroid to brand less thyroid hormone.
  • Some patients' symptoms from Graves' disease may go away temporarily later taking antithyroid drugs.
• Cons
  • Antithyroid medicines can crusade side effects, including
    • allergic reactions, such as rashes and itching
    • a subtract in the number of white blood cells in your body, which tin lower resistance to infection
    • liver failure, in rare cases
  • Antithyroid medicines
    • don't provide a permanent cure, but they may allow symptoms to become abroad temporarily in the case of Graves' disease
    • may have several weeks or months for thyroid hormone levels to move into the normal range
    • accept nigh 1–ii years of total boilerplate treatment time, but tin go on for many years
    • are not used to treat hyperthyroidism caused by thyroiditis

Seek intendance right abroad

Phone call your doctor right away if you have any of the following symptoms

• fatigue or weakness
• dull pain in your belly
• loss of appetite
• skin rash, itching, or easy bruising
• yellowing of your pare or whites of your optics, called jaundice
• constant sore throat
• fever, chills, or constant sore throat

Antithyroid therapy is the easiest way to treat hyperthyroidism.

Radioiodine therapy

Radioiodine therapy is a common and constructive treatment. Y'all tin accept radioactive iodine-131 past mouth as a capsule or liquid.

• Pros
  • Radioiodine therapy slowly destroys the cells of the thyroid gland that produce thyroid hormone.
  • Radioiodine therapy does not touch other trunk tissues.
• Cons
  • You might need more i treatment to bring thyroid hormone levels into the normal range, but beta-blockers can control symptoms between treatments.
  • Radioiodine therapy isn't used for women who are significant or breastfeeding. Information technology can harm the fetus' thyroid and tin can be passed from mother to child in breast milk.

Almost everyone who gets radioiodine therapy later develops hypothyroidism. But hypothyroidism is easier to treat than hyperthyroidism by using a daily thyroid hormone medicine, and it causes fewer long-term health problems.

Taking radioactive iodine-131 is a mutual and effective treatment.

Thyroid surgery

Surgery to remove part or nigh of the thyroid gland is used less frequently to treat hyperthyroidism. Sometimes doctors use surgery to care for people with big goiters or pregnant women who cannot take antithyroid medicines.

• Pros
  • When part of the thyroid is removed, your thyroid hormone levels may return to normal.
• Cons
  • Thyroid surgery requires full general anesthesia, which can cause a condition called thyroid tempest—a sudden, severe worsening of symptoms. Taking antithyroid medicines before surgery tin can assistance forestall this problem.

When part of your thyroid is removed, yous may develop hypothyroidism after surgery and need to accept thyroid hormone medicine. If your whole thyroid is removed, you will demand to accept thyroid hormone medicine for life. After surgery, your doctor will keep to check your thyroid hormone levels.

In some cases, doctors use surgery to remove part or most of the thyroid gland.

Researchers are looking into new ways to treat hyperthyroidism. An example is radiofrequency ablation (RFA), a new approach to treating thyroid nodules that cause hyperthyroidism.^5,half-dozen RFA is used mainly in cases where medicines or surgery won't help, and is not yet widely available.

How does eating, nutrition, and nutrition affect hyperthyroidism?

Your thyroid uses iodine to make thyroid hormones. If you accept Graves' disease or another autoimmune thyroid disorder, you may be sensitive to harmful side effects from iodine. Eating foods that accept large amounts of iodine—such as kelp, dulse, or other kinds of seaweed—may cause or worsen hyperthyroidism. Taking iodine supplements tin accept the aforementioned outcome. Talk with members of your health intendance team nigh

• what foods to limit or avoid
• whatsoever iodine supplements you take
• any cough syrups or multivitamins yous accept because they may contain iodine

Clinical Trials for Hyperthyroidism

The NIDDK conducts and supports clinical trials in many diseases and weather, including endocrine diseases. The trials expect to notice new ways to prevent, detect, or treat disease and amend quality of life.

What are clinical trials for hyperthyroidism?

Clinical trials—and other types of clinical studies—are role of medical research and involve people similar y'all. When yous volunteer to accept part in a clinical study, you help doctors and researchers learn more near affliction and improve health care for people in the future.

Researchers are studying many aspects of hyperthyroidism, such equally its natural history, clinical presentation, and genetics.

Detect out if clinical studies are correct for you.

Watch a video of NIDDK Managing director Dr. Griffin P. Rodgers explaining the importance of participating in clinical trials.

What clinical studies for hyperthyroidism are looking for participants?

You can view a filtered list of clinical studies on hyperthyroidism that are open up and recruiting at www.ClinicalTrials.gov. You can expand or narrow the list to include clinical studies from manufacture, universities, and individuals; however, the NIH does not review these studies and cannot ensure they are safe. Always talk with your health care provider before you participate in a clinical study.

References

Last Reviewed August 2021

This content is provided as a service of the National Establish of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), part of the National Institutes of Health. The NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and agreement nearly wellness and disease among patients, wellness professionals, and the public. Content produced by the NIDDK is advisedly reviewed by NIDDK scientists and other experts.

The NIDDK would like to thank:
Thanh D. Hoang, D.O., FACP, FACE, Captain (select), Walter Reed National Military Medical Middle

Source: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/hyperthyroidism

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